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The science and practice of medical diagnosis by laboratory examination and analysis of blood, tissue specimens (BIOPSIES), body fluids and other samples. Clinical pathology is subdivided into Hematology, Coagulation, Flow Cytometry, Molecular Pathology, Microbiology, Virology, Bacteriology, Clinical Chemistry, Immunology/Serology, and Drug testing.

Clinical chemistry is a quantitative science that is concerned with measurement of amounts of biologically important substances (called analytes) in body fluids. The methods to measure these substances are carefully designed to provide accurate assessments of their concentration. The results of clinical chemistry tests are compared to reference intervals o/r a medical decision level (MDL) to provide diagnostic and clinical meaning for the values.

Coagulation medicine offers expert interpretations of coagulation profiles and consultations in the diagnosis and management of patients with bleeding or clotting disorders. A battery of tests is offered using advanced and progressive technologies. Pathology Consultation Services are offered for patients whose blood has been tested in the laboratory.

Cytopathology is a branch of pathology that evaluates and diagnoses tissue or fluid samples on the cellular level. Cytopathology is generally used on samples of free cells or tissue fragments.

Dermatopathology is a joint subspecialty of dermatology and pathology or surgical pathology that focuses on the study of cutaneous diseases at a microscopic and molecular level. It also encompasses analyses of the potential causes of skin diseases at a basic level.

Flow cytometry is a technique used to detect, quantify and diagnose a disease process by examination of identifying cell markers on the surface of cells or particles. The primary use of this technique is in the diagnosis of hematologic malignancies or abnormalities involving the blood, bone marrow, fluids or tissues.

Gastrointestinal pathology is the subspecialty of surgical pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterization of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive tract and accessory organs, such as the pancreas and liver.

As a medical specialty, genitourinary pathology is the subspecialty of surgical pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterization of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the urinary tract, male genital tract and testes. However, medical disorders of the kidneys are generally within the expertise of renal pathologists. Genitourinary pathologists generally work closely with urologic surgeons.

Head and neck pathology focuses on a large cross-section of the head and neck region to diagnose neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, nasal cavity, nasopharynx, salivary glands, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, maxillofacial region, and other head and neck sites.

Hematopathology is the study of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases and disorders affecting blood cells, their production, and any organs and tissues involved in hematopoiesis, such as bone marrow, lymph nodes, the spleen, and the thymus.

Microbiology is the scientific study and diagnosis of diseases caused by microorganisms, encompassing numerous sub-disciplines including virology, bacteriology, protistology, mycology and parasitology.

Molecular pathology is an emerging discipline within pathology which is based on the detection or quantitation of specific RNA or DNA molecules within tissues, blood or fluid samples. This is useful for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of many neoplastic and infectious diseases.